Small Production Line for Recycling Electronic Boards

For small and medium-sized electronic waste recycling enterprises, a PCB recycling line with a capacity of 100 kg/h not only lowers the threshold for equipment investment but is also better suited for phased implementation and flexible operation. It can be utilized to process a wide variety of electronic waste, including computer motherboards, communication boards, and appliance control boards.

This 100 kg/h PCB recycling production line primarily consists of two components: a thermal dismantling system and a physical separation system. Of these, the thermal dismantling equipment plays a decisive role in determining the efficiency of the subsequent separation process.

The PCB thermal dismantling machine employs natural gas heating to maintain a stable internal furnace temperature of approximately 400°C. This temperature is not arbitrary; it is determined by a balance between the solder’s melting point on the circuit boards and the substrate material’s heat resistance. Most electronic circuit boards use tin-based solder; once the solder reaches its melting point, the electronic components detach from the PCB substrate. Simultaneously, this process avoids the severe oxidation of copper foil that would otherwise result from high-temperature incineration.

Compared to traditional manual dismantling, the thermal dismantling method offers more consistent processing efficiency, making it particularly well-suited for the batch processing of electronic waste. For small-scale recycling facilities, this method also serves to minimize human exposure to hazardous dust, thereby enhancing operational safety.

Once the thermal dismantling process is complete, the remaining PCB substrates proceed to the crushing and separation stage.

This section typically comprises a coarse crusher, a fine crusher, an airflow separator, an electrostatic separator, and a dust collection system. Through a multi-stage crushing process, the equipment gradually reduces the circuit board materials to a particle size suitable for separation, subsequently utilizing the differences in weight, electrical conductivity, and aerodynamic properties between metallic and non-metallic components to effect separation.

Among these components, the electrostatic separation equipment exerts a significant influence on the purity of the recovered copper powder. A stable electric field intensity, combined with a uniform feed rate, effectively enhances the separation efficiency between the copper and the resin powder. Under normal operating conditions, a small-scale PCB physical separation line can achieve a high level of copper recovery purity, while the non-metallic fraction is transformed into a resin fiber powder that can be utilized as filler material in construction or as a raw material for recycled composite materials.

Compared to large-scale electronic waste processing plants, the compact 100 kg/h PCB recycling production line is better aligned with the current market landscape, which is characterized by a large volume of geographically dispersed electronic waste.

On one hand, this small-to-medium-scale equipment occupies a smaller footprint and imposes less stringent requirements on factory infrastructure; on the other hand, its operating costs and energy consumption are relatively manageable, making it an ideal entry-level project for those looking to venture into the electronic waste recycling industry. Particularly in developing countries and regions with concentrated electronics manufacturing, small-scale PCB recycling equipment is more conducive to establishing stable recycling networks.